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A federal court has intervened in the ongoing legal clash between the Trump administration and the state of Maine, temporarily halting the withholding of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) funds that had been suspended due to the state’s refusal to comply with federal guidance on transgender athletes in school sports.
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The conflict had escalated after President Donald Trump signed an executive order in early February, directing that federal funding be withheld from educational institutions that allow biological males to compete on girls’ sports teams — a move grounded in protecting fairness in women’s athletics. The order emphasized the federal government’s commitment to upholding Title IX protections by ensuring that biological girls are not deprived of equal athletic opportunities.
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However, Maine’s education authorities refused to comply. The Maine Principals’ Association announced it would continue allowing transgender girls to compete in girls’ sports, arguing that state law permits such participation. Tensions intensified after Governor Janet Mills openly challenged the executive order during a White House event on February 21, where she was warned that noncompliance could result in the loss of federal funding.
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President Trump later demanded a formal apology from Governor Mills and a written commitment to no longer defy federal mandates. In a statement posted on Truth Social, the president noted that no resolution could proceed without such a gesture.
Following the standoff, investigations were launched by both the Department of Education and the Department of Health and Human Services into potential Title IX violations by the state of Maine. Early in April, USDA joined the effort when Secretary Brooke Rollins wrote to Governor Mills to notify him that due to her administration’s disregard for federal law, funding for administrative and technological activities in schools would be suspended.
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While the exact amount of funding was not specified, the letter indicated that additional education-related support could be reevaluated. In response, Maine Attorney General Aaron Frey filed a legal challenge, alleging that the USDA failed to observe proper administrative procedures before cutting the funds.
The USDA proceeded without observance of procedure required by law, based on what Judge Woodcock stated, who ruled with the state and chastised the agency for failing to communicate with Congress or hold hearings.
A letter from the Maine attorney general’s office made clear the state’s refusal to negotiate a settlement with the federal government, stating that it would not sign the proposed resolution agreement. The letter further argued that Title IX does not explicitly prohibit the participation of transgender individuals in girls’ and women’s sports.
Despite the legal maneuvering, public opinion has remained largely unsympathetic to the state’s position. Numerous polls have consistently shown that a significant majority of Americans oppose the inclusion of biological males in girls’ athletic competitions — an issue that continues to fuel debate nationwide and reinforce calls for policy change.