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During the 2024 election cycle, Republican activists have focused a lot of attention on the Amish vote in an attempt to rally this historically low-turnout community. There are still unanswered issues regarding the true significance of this engagement as the chaos subsides.
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This focus on Amish voters was largely driven by the substantial Amish populations in key battleground states, most notably Pennsylvania, where the community’s influence could potentially sway election results. The attempt to integrate the Amish into the broader political process provided an opportunity to align a historically apolitical and insular group with the Republican Party, particularly on issues of religious freedom and government overreach.
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The Amish have long been known for their reluctance to engage in political affairs, stemming from religious beliefs that emphasize separation from “worldly” influences. Many Amish reject voting altogether as part of this commitment to living a simple, God-centered life. However, recent years have seen a shift, as more Amish individuals have come to the polls, driven in part by concerns over religious freedom and the protection of their way of life from government intervention.
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Rep. Troy Balderson (R-Ohio), whose district encompasses Holmes County, home to one of the largest Amish communities in the U.S., noted that the Amish share similar concerns with many other Americans. Balderson told The Center Square that the Amish community desires the same things as most Americans: lower prices, fewer government mandates, and policies based on common sense, not progressive ideologies.
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Although there is increasing interest in Amish voting behavior, determining how many Amish people vote remains challenging. The Amish population in the U.S. is estimated at around 400,000, living in 654 different settlements, with the largest groups located in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Wisconsin, according to the Young Center for Amish Studies. In key swing states like Pennsylvania, where the Amish population is roughly 92,000, they could play a crucial role in influencing the results of closely contested elections.
U.S. Rep. Lloyd Smucker (R-Pa.), whose district encompasses the Amish stronghold of Lancaster County, predicted a significant increase in Amish voter turnout based on the rising enthusiasm within the community ahead of the 2024 election. However, Steven Nolt, director of the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies at Elizabethtown College, offered a more nuanced view, suggesting that Republican gains in broader regions, not just Lancaster County, had contributed to the party’s growing presence in Amish areas.
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The idea that nearly 180,000 Amish voters were registered in 2024 has been widely criticized as exaggerated. Politifact noted that such claims were overly optimistic, with voter turnout in the Amish community remaining difficult to track. Still, Republican organizers have been inventive in their outreach, employing a variety of strategies to increase Amish participation, such as in-person engagement at local fairs, the use of billboards, and educational efforts around mail-in ballots.
Postdoctoral scholar Cory Anderson highlighted the innovative methods used to connect with the Amish community. These included face-to-face interactions at markets and homes, as well as carefully designed visual messaging, such as billboards along routes frequented by Amish residents in Lancaster County. The messaging often invoked traditional values such as “hard work” alongside calls to “Pray For God’s Mercy For Our Nation,” with stylized imagery designed to resonate with the Amish ethos.
Anderson’s research also delved into the diversity of Amish perspectives, drawing on the voices of vegetable farmers, dairy farmers, horseradish makers, business owners, and wives. His observations underscore the importance of avoiding generalizations, as Amish communities can have a range of views depending on their local context. One Amish woman, Barbie Stoltzfus, cautioned against using her community’s opinions as a representative sample, reminding researchers and journalists to be careful not to oversimplify the varied beliefs within Amish culture.
While the full data on Amish voter turnout for the 2024 election is not yet available, the efforts made by Republican organizers to engage this community mark a significant shift in how political campaigns view the Amish vote. Whether or not these efforts will translate into a significant impact at the ballot box remains to be seen, but it is clear that the Amish community is becoming an increasingly important factor in the electoral landscape.